Bibliography
Weighted toward primary sources, and every entry carries its reachability. That last column is unusual in a bibliography and it is the point: five of the nine primary sources below were not read during the writing of this volume, and a reader is entitled to know which.
The full account of what that cost is on the sources page.
Primary
| work | reachability | consequence for this volume |
|---|---|---|
| Noether, Invariante Variationsprobleme, Göttinger Nachrichten, Math.-Phys. Klasse (1918), 235–257 | read in full. German original, public domain, text-bearing with the mathematics intact | her equations are reproduced verbatim in her notation. This is the only source in the volume that is quotable |
| Tavel, English translation, Transport Theory and Statistical Physics 1:3 (1971), 183–207 | located, reachable | under copyright. No English wording of Noether's is transcribed anywhere in this volume |
| Klein, Über die Differentialgesetze für die Erhaltung von Impuls und Energie, Nachrichten (1918), 171–189 | read in a modern English translation, mathematics intact; the German original was not reached | content verified, wording not quotable, since the translation's terms of reuse were not established |
| Klein, Zu Hilberts erster Note über die Grundlagen der Physik, Nachrichten (1917), 469–482 | an open English translation was located but not read | summarised only |
| Klein, on the integral form of the conservation laws, Nachrichten (1918), 394–423 | not reached | not used |
| Hilbert, Die Grundlagen der Physik, first communication, Nachrichten (1915), 395–407 | not reached. Only an OCR-damaged copy of the second communication was located | summarised, never quoted |
| Bessel-Hagen, Über die Erhaltungssätze der Elektrodynamik, Mathematische Annalen 84 (1921), 258–276 | not reached. Indexed and digitised, but no copy was retrievable | the divergence-invariance account is from secondary literature |
| Weyl, Gravitation und Elektrizität, Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie (1918), 465–480 | not reached | cited only as a precursor Noether names |
| Lie, Grundlagen für die Theorie der unendlichen kontinuierlichen Transformationsgruppen, Berichte der Sächsischen Gesellschaft (1891) | not reached | Noether's three citations to it are reported as hers, including Theorem VII at page 391 |
Precursors Noether names herself
From her own footnotes, with the loci she gives. None was read.
Hamel, Mathematische Annalen 59, and Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik 50. Herglotz, Annalen der Physik fourth series 36, section 9 at page 511. Fokker, Verslag of the Amsterdam Academy, 27 January 1917. Kneser, Mathematische Zeitschrift 2. Engel, Göttinger Nachrichten 1916, page 270. She also refers the reader to Klein's second note for further literature.
A caution. Secondary reference lists sometimes give different Hamel papers from the ones she cites. The loci above are hers, read from her footnotes.
Secondary
Kosmann-Schwarzbach, The Noether Theorems: Invariance and Conservation Laws in the Twentieth Century, Springer 2011, translated from the French of 2004. The standard scholarly treatment. Under copyright and not read. Her own open-access article on the theorems in context was located and carries much of the same historical material, including the correspondence chronology used on the chronology page.
Hilbert's consolidated reprint of both communications, Mathematische Annalen 92 (1924), 1–32, which records the division of credit between Klein and Noether. Not reached in full text.
Also cited, none read
Belinfante and Rosenfeld on the improvement of the stress-energy tensor; Hill's 1951 review; Yang and Mills 1954; Utiyama 1956 and Kibble 1961; Trautman from 1962; Ward and Takahashi. These are the waypoints the secondary literature commonly gives for the theorem's return to physics, and the page carrying them states that none was checked against the primary papers.